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IRCT20250915067258N1 IRCT 2025-09-19 Islamic Azad University Investigating the effect of self-discipline educational therapy program on self-criticism, internalized shame, and perfectionism in students with anxiety. Investigating the effect of self-discipline educational therapy program on self-criticism, internalized shame, and perfectionism in students with anxiety. 2025-10-02 anticipated 30 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/86200 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Education/Guidance, Randomization description: It will be done through a simple randomization method. According to this method, the names of each selected member of the research sample are written on pieces of paper and placed in a box for a draw. Then, the pieces of paper are drawn one by one. The first 15 individuals (1 to 15) will be part of the experimental group, and the next 15 individuals (16to 30) whose names are drawn from the box will be the members of the control group. N/A Anxiety disorder. Intervention 1: Intervention group: The intervention group will participate in a 14-session educational program (each session lasting 60 minutes, held twice a week). Sessions are conducted in groups. Session 1: Introduction and psychoeducationGoal: Introduce the treatment framework, build motivation, and establish group trust.Content: Introduction of the therapist and group members; explanation of the concept of self-compassion and its role in reducing anxiety, self-criticism, and shame; outlining the structure and rules of the sessions.Homework: Write down situations during the week in which they criticized themselves. Session 2: Understanding self-criticismGoal: Increase awareness of the inner critic voice.Content: Identifying common patterns of self-criticism; discussing the difference between “self-criticism” and “healthy self-correction.”Homework: Record daily self-critical instances and emotional reactions. Session 3: The concept of shame and internalized shameGoal: Understand the role of shame in anxiety and perfectionism.Content: Defining shame and distinguishing it from guilt; exploring the impact of internalized shame on relationships and self-esteem.Homework: Write about an experience of shame and the feelings associated with it. Session 4: Introduction to mindfulnessGoal: Learn to stay present to reduce rumination.Content: Mindful breathing practice; non-judgmental awareness of thoughts and emotions.Homework: Daily mindful breathing practice (5 minutes). Session 5: Three components of self-compassionGoal: Teach the foundations of self-compassion (Neff, 2003).Content: Self-kindness; common humanity; mindfulness.Homework: Write kind sentences to oneself during anxious moments. Session 6: Working with self-criticismGoal: Transform the inner critic voice into a supportive one.Content: Imaginary dialogue with the inner critic; replacing critical statements with compassionate ones.Homework: Practice writing a “self-compassionate letter.” Session 7: Self-acceptance vs. perfectionismGoal: Reduce pressure caused by unrealistic standards.Content: Exploring myths of perfectionism; teaching acceptance of mistakes as part of growth.Homework: Engage in one activity without striving for perfection and record the experience. Session 8: Self-compassion exercises in anxietyGoal: Apply self-compassion during moments of anxiety.Content: Teaching the “Self-Compassion Break”; practicing soothing phrases during anxiety.Homework: Use the “Self-Compassion Break” in an anxiety-provoking situation and record the experience. Session 9: Restructuring dysfunctional beliefsGoal: Identify and modify irrational beliefs about self-worth.Content: Identifying beliefs such as “If I’m not perfect, I’m worthless”; practicing replacing them with compassionate beliefs.Homework: Record three irrational thoughts daily and reframe them with a self-compassionate perspective. Session 10: Social shame and relationshipsGoal: Reduce fear of judgment and increase social acceptance.Content: Working with shame-inducing social situations; practicing “compassionate imagery.”Homework: Gradual exposure to an anxiety-provoking social situation while using self-compassionate phrases. Session 11: Inner–outer compassion practiceGoal: Extend compassion to self and others.Content: Practicing Loving-Kindness Meditation; exploring the connection between self-compassion and compassion for others.Homework: Write a kind message to a friend or family member. Session 12: Self-compassion in failureGoal: Learn compassionate coping with academic/personal failures.Content: Reviewing experiences of failure; applying the three components of self-compassion to failure.Homework: Write about a failure experience and reframe it with a self-compassionate approach. Session 13: Integration of skillsGoal: Review and consolidate learned skills.Content: Revisiting exercises from all sessions; designing a “personal self-compassion toolbox.”Homework: Apply all three core skills (self-kindness, mindfulness, common humanity) together throughout the week. Session 14: Conclusion and terminationGoal: Reinforce changes and prepare for continuation after treatment.Content: Summarizing key concepts; sharing personal experiences; planning for ongoing practice.Homework: Write a “letter to my future self” to remind oneself of the learned skills. Intervention 2: Control group: They receive no training. Yes - There is a plan to make this available What will be shared: Only part of the data, such as information related to the primary outcome or similar, can be shared. When: Access period begins 6 months after publication of results. To whom: The data will only be accessible to researchers affiliated with academic or scientific institutions Conditions: Any type of analysis is permitted on the delivered data Where to obtain: En Via email: fatemeh.navaser@iau.ir How to obtain: The data will be sent after emailing fatemeh Zahra navaserand receiving approval from the research team members. Comments:
public Fatemeh Zahra Navaser
Unit 1, No. 95, Ferdowsi Building, Khanasari Intersection, Mustafaei Street
Ahvaz Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6175445854 +98 61 3334 5147 fatemeh.navaser@iau.ir Islamic Azad University scientific Reza Joharifard
South Kargar Boulevard؛ Farhang Shahr District؛ Golestan Highway
Ahvaz Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6134937333 +98 61 3334 8421 info@iauahvaz.ac.ir Islamic Azad University Iran (Islamic Republic of) Having a score above the cutoff point on the Beck Anxiety Inventory Pursuing undergraduate or graduate studies at a university. Having written consent to attend educational-therapeutic sessions and complete questionnaires. no limit no limit Both aving a diagnosis of a severe disorder, such as psychosis, bipolar disorder, or substance abuse, that prevents effective attendance at meetings. The participant is currently undergoing a similar psychological treatment course (CBT or schema therapy) or active medication, which affects the results of the study. aving chronic physical or neurological diseases that prevent attendance or concentration in educational-therapeutic sessions. F41.9 Anxiety disorder, unspecified Behavior N/A Intervention group: The intervention group will participate in a 14-session educational program (each session lasting 60 minutes, held twice a week). Sessions are conducted in groups. Session 1: Introduction and psychoeducationGoal: Introduce the treatment framework, build motivation, and establish group trust.Content: Introduction of the therapist and group members; explanation of the concept of self-compassion and its role in reducing anxiety, self-criticism, and shame; outlining the structure and rules of the sessions.Homework: Write down situations during the week in which they criticized themselves. Session 2: Understanding self-criticismGoal: Increase awareness of the inner critic voice.Content: Identifying common patterns of self-criticism; discussing the difference between “self-criticism” and “healthy self-correction.”Homework: Record daily self-critical instances and emotional reactions. Session 3: The concept of shame and internalized shameGoal: Understand the role of shame in anxiety and perfectionism.Content: Defining shame and distinguishing it from guilt; exploring the impact of internalized shame on relationships and self-esteem.Homework: Write about an experience of shame and the feelings associated with it. Session 4: Introduction to mindfulnessGoal: Learn to stay present to reduce rumination.Content: Mindful breathing practice; non-judgmental awareness of thoughts and emotions.Homework: Daily mindful breathing practice (5 minutes). Session 5: Three components of self-compassionGoal: Teach the foundations of self-compassion (Neff, 2003).Content: Self-kindness; common humanity; mindfulness.Homework: Write kind sentences to oneself during anxious moments. Session 6: Working with self-criticismGoal: Transform the inner critic voice into a supportive one.Content: Imaginary dialogue with the inner critic; replacing critical statements with compassionate ones.Homework: Practice writing a “self-compassionate letter.” Session 7: Self-acceptance vs. perfectionismGoal: Reduce pressure caused by unrealistic standards.Content: Exploring myths of perfectionism; teaching acceptance of mistakes as part of growth.Homework: Engage in one activity without striving for perfection and record the experience. Session 8: Self-compassion exercises in anxietyGoal: Apply self-compassion during moments of anxiety.Content: Teaching the “Self-Compassion Break”; practicing soothing phrases during anxiety.Homework: Use the “Self-Compassion Break” in an anxiety-provoking situation and record the experience. Session 9: Restructuring dysfunctional beliefsGoal: Identify and modify irrational beliefs about self-worth.Content: Identifying beliefs such as “If I’m not perfect, I’m worthless”; practicing replacing them with compassionate beliefs.Homework: Record three irrational thoughts daily and reframe them with a self-compassionate perspective. Session 10: Social shame and relationshipsGoal: Reduce fear of judgment and increase social acceptance.Content: Working with shame-inducing social situations; practicing “compassionate imagery.”Homework: Gradual exposure to an anxiety-provoking social situation while using self-compassionate phrases. Session 11: Inner–outer compassion practiceGoal: Extend compassion to self and others.Content: Practicing Loving-Kindness Meditation; exploring the connection between self-compassion and compassion for others.Homework: Write a kind message to a friend or family member. Session 12: Self-compassion in failureGoal: Learn compassionate coping with academic/personal failures.Content: Reviewing experiences of failure; applying the three components of self-compassion to failure.Homework: Write about a failure experience and reframe it with a self-compassionate approach. Session 13: Integration of skillsGoal: Review and consolidate learned skills.Content: Revisiting exercises from all sessions; designing a “personal self-compassion toolbox.”Homework: Apply all three core skills (self-kindness, mindfulness, common humanity) together throughout the week. Session 14: Conclusion and terminationGoal: Reinforce changes and prepare for continuation after treatment.Content: Summarizing key concepts; sharing personal experiences; planning for ongoing practice.Homework: Write a “letter to my future self” to remind oneself of the learned skills. Control group: They receive no training. Perfectionism. Timepoint: Measurements will be conducted at pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up after the post-test. Method of measurement: Hill et al.'s Perfectionism Questionnaire (2004). Anxiety. Timepoint: Measurements will be conducted at pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up after the post-test. Method of measurement: BAl- Beck Anxiety Inventory. Self-criticism. Timepoint: Measurements will be conducted at pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up after the post-test. Method of measurement: Levels of Self-Criticism Scale. Internal Shame. Timepoint: Measurements will be conducted at pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up after the post-test. Method of measurement: Internal Shame Scale. Islamic Azad University Approved 2025-08-27 The Ethics Committee in Research of Islamic Azad University - Ahvaz Branch South Kargar Boulevard؛ Farhang Shahr؛ Golestan Highway Ahvaz Khouzestan Iran (Islamic Republic of)