<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20260419069108N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2026-05-13</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Qazvin University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>clinical trial comparing pain, anxiety and disruptive behavior during inferior alveolar nerve block</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Randomized split-mouth clinical trial comparing pain, anxiety and disruptive behavior during inferior alveolar nerve block using traditional syringe and digital.</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2026-07-03</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>30</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/89783</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: Simple randomization using sealed, opaque envelopes containing an equal number of intervention (digital method) and control (traditional method) allocations will be employed. The envelopes will be provided to a ward nurse who is not involved in any subsequent part of the study. Each time, the nurse will draw one envelope to determine whether the patient will receive the intervention or control, Blinding description: he injection technique for the block will be performed in such a way that the child (participant) cannot see the type of syringe used. Furthermore, the group allocation results for each subject will be provided to the statistical analyst in the form of numerical codes.</study_design>
      <phase>N/A</phase>
      <hc_freetext>injection in pediatric dentistry.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: Here is the scientific English translation of the "Intervention Group" text you provided, without additional explanations:**Intervention group:** Informed consent will first be obtained from the patient. A complete medical and dental history will be taken in writing from the parents. Subsequently, a full patient examination, including clinical and radiographic evaluation, will be performed. The clinical examination will be conducted first, and a diagnosis of dental caries in tooth D or E will be made. To confirm the diagnosis and the need for pulp therapy, a periapical radiograph will be taken. The treatment plan—either pulpotomy or pulpectomy—and the need for bilateral mandibular nerve block will be established. It should be noted that in each child, the tooth type (D or E) and the treatment plan (pulpotomy or pulpectomy) will be exactly the same on both sides of the mouth.1) The tell-show-do technique will first be performed for the patient.2) A cotton roll will be placed on the anesthesia injection site for 60 seconds to completely dry the area.3) Proccaine gel will be applied to the anesthesia site for 2 minutes.4) An appropriate needle (27-gauge, 25 mm length) will then be selected.5) The needle will be inserted into the tissue using the Dentapen device. After passing through the mucosa and contacting the bone, 1.5 to 1.8 mL of local anesthetic solution—lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:80,000—will be injected. Intervention 2: Control group: Here is the scientific English translation of your text, as requested without explanations:"Informed consent will first be obtained from the patient. A complete medical and dental history will be taken in writing from the parents. Subsequently, a full patient examination, including clinical and radiographic evaluation, will be performed. The clinical examination will be conducted first, and a diagnosis of dental caries in tooth D or E will be made. To confirm the diagnosis and the need for pulp therapy, a periapical radiograph will be taken. The treatment plan—either pulpotomy or pulpectomy—and the need for bilateral mandibular nerve block will be established. It should be noted that in each child, the tooth type (D or E) and the treatment plan (pulpotomy or pulpectomy) will be exactly the same on both sides of the mouth.1) The tell-show-do technique will first be performed for the patient.2) A cotton roll will be placed on the anesthesia injection site for 60 seconds to completely dry the area.3) Proccaine gel will be applied to the anesthesia site for 2 minutes.4) An appropriate needle (27-gauge, 25 mm length) will then be selected.5) The needle will be inserted into the tissue using a traditional syringe. After passing through the mucosa and contacting the bone, 1.5 to 1.8 mL of local anesthetic solution—lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:80,000—will be injected.".</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is There is no further information.</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Razie Sadat Hosseininavaz</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Bahonar Blvd</address>
        <city>Qazvin</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>13911/34156</zip>
        <telephone>+98 28 7777 3333</telephone>
        <email>rshn1016@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Qazvin University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Razie sadat Hosseininavaz</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Bahonar Blvd</address>
        <city>Qazvin</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>3471976160</zip>
        <telephone>+98 28 3335 3062</telephone>
        <email>rshn1016@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Qazvin University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>children aged 5 to 8 years, provided that their developmental stage is consistent with their chronological age
children classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I
children requiring bilateral mandibular nerve blocks
children with no prior history of receiving dental local anesthesia before the study</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>5 years</agemin>
      <agemax>8 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>patients with a history of hypersensitivity to local anesthetics
patients with any mental or physical condition that might interfere with the treatment procedure.</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>G89.1</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Acute pain, not elsewhere classified</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Other</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Other</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Here is the scientific English translation of the "Intervention Group" text you provided, without additional explanations:**Intervention group:** Informed consent will first be obtained from the patient. A complete medical and dental history will be taken in writing from the parents. Subsequently, a full patient examination, including clinical and radiographic evaluation, will be performed. The clinical examination will be conducted first, and a diagnosis of dental caries in tooth D or E will be made. To confirm the diagnosis and the need for pulp therapy, a periapical radiograph will be taken. The treatment plan—either pulpotomy or pulpectomy—and the need for bilateral mandibular nerve block will be established. It should be noted that in each child, the tooth type (D or E) and the treatment plan (pulpotomy or pulpectomy) will be exactly the same on both sides of the mouth.1) The tell-show-do technique will first be performed for the patient.2) A cotton roll will be placed on the anesthesia injection site for 60 seconds to completely dry the area.3) Proccaine gel will be applied to the anesthesia site for 2 minutes.4) An appropriate needle (27-gauge, 25 mm length) will then be selected.5) The needle will be inserted into the tissue using the Dentapen device. After passing through the mucosa and contacting the bone, 1.5 to 1.8 mL of local anesthetic solution—lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:80,000—will be injected.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: Here is the scientific English translation of your text, as requested without explanations:"Informed consent will first be obtained from the patient. A complete medical and dental history will be taken in writing from the parents. Subsequently, a full patient examination, including clinical and radiographic evaluation, will be performed. The clinical examination will be conducted first, and a diagnosis of dental caries in tooth D or E will be made. To confirm the diagnosis and the need for pulp therapy, a periapical radiograph will be taken. The treatment plan—either pulpotomy or pulpectomy—and the need for bilateral mandibular nerve block will be established. It should be noted that in each child, the tooth type (D or E) and the treatment plan (pulpotomy or pulpectomy) will be exactly the same on both sides of the mouth.1) The tell-show-do technique will first be performed for the patient.2) A cotton roll will be placed on the anesthesia injection site for 60 seconds to completely dry the area.3) Proccaine gel will be applied to the anesthesia site for 2 minutes.4) An appropriate needle (27-gauge, 25 mm length) will then be selected.5) The needle will be inserted into the tissue using a traditional syringe. After passing through the mucosa and contacting the bone, 1.5 to 1.8 mL of local anesthetic solution—lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:80,000—will be injected."</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Objective assessment of pain. Timepoint: during inferior alveolar nerve block injection. Method of measurement: Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Subjective assessment of pain. Timepoint: after inferior block injection. Method of measurement: Wong-baker scale.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Pulse. Timepoint: before and during inferior alveolar black. Method of measurement: pulse oximeter.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Oxygen saturation of blood. Timepoint: before and during inferior alveolar black. Method of measurement: pulse oximeter.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Anxiety. Timepoint: after inferior alveolar black injection. Method of measurement: Venham anxiety index.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Qazvin university of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2026-02-23</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics Committee of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Bahonar Blvd. Qazvin Qazvin Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
