<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20120129008863N18</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2026-08-25</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Vice Presidency for Research and Technology, Hakim Sabzevari University</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Comparing the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training with/without taurine supplementation on oxidative stress markers</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparing the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training with/without taurine supplementation on the control of oxidative stress indices in female karate athletes</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2026-09-11</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>20</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Recruiting</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/92698</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Health service research, Randomization description: This study will utilize a block randomization method with variable block sizes (e.g., 4 or 6) to allocate participants into two groups: 1) moderate-intensity interval training combined with taurine supplementation, and 2) training combined with placebo. The random sequence will be generated using Random Allocation Software (version 2.0) by an independent researcher not involved in recruitment or intervention, ensuring strict allocation concealment and minimizing selection bias, Blinding description: The present study is a single-blind clinical trial in which the blinding applies to the taurine and placebo groups. During the first session, participants will read the study protocol. The supplement and placebo are provided in identical capsules distributed among the participants. Only the researcher is aware of the contents of the capsules.</study_design>
      <phase>N/A</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Inflammation and physical performance in karateka.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: Exercise with Taurine: This group received taurine supplementation at a dose of 15 mg per kilogram of body weight for eight weeks. The taurine supplement was provided by Reihaneh Pharmaceutical Company (Isfahan, Iran). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) was performed for eight weeks, 3 sessions per week, with each session lasting 30 to 35 minutes. The training intensity began at 85–90% of maximum heart rate ($\text{HR}_{\text{max}}$) in the first week and progressively increased to 90–100% of $\text{HR}_{\text{max}}$ by the eighth week. The timing protocol and additional training principles were conducted in Kashmar. Intervention 2: Control group: Exercise with Placebo: This group consumed placebo capsules matching a dose of 15 mg per kilogram of body weight for eight weeks. The placebo was manufactured by Reihaneh Pharmaceutical Company (Isfahan, Iran). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) was performed for eight weeks, 3 sessions per week, with each session lasting 30 to 35 minutes. The training intensity began at 85–90% of maximum heart rate in the first week and progressively increased to 90–100% of HRmax by the eighth week. The timing protocol and additional training principles were conducted at the Kashmar Municipality Gymnasium.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is The reasons for the current refusal to share Individual Participant Data (IPD) are: Preserving Confidentiality: Ensuring the highest level of confidentiality and privacy for the participants, which is the principal priority of the research team. Resource Constraints: The lack of adequate financial and human resources to perform the complex processes of preparing, standardizing, and completely anonymizing the raw data sets.</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Dr. Keyvan Hejazi</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Hakim Sabzevari University, Tohid Shahr, Sabzevar</address>
        <city>Sabzevar</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>9617976487</zip>
        <telephone>+98 51 4401 2767</telephone>
        <email>k.hejazi@hsu.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Hakim Sabzevari University</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Dr. Keyvan Hejazi</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Hakim Sabzevari University, Tohid Shahr, Sabzevar</address>
        <city>Sabzevar</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>9617976487</zip>
        <telephone>+98 51 4401 2767</telephone>
        <email>k.hejazi@hsu.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Hakim Sabzevari University</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Must have a minimum of two consecutive years of regular karate training experience
Must be physically healthy
Non-use of any dietary supplements or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Aged between 18 and 30 years old</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>18 years</agemin>
      <agemax>30 years</agemax>
      <gender>Female</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Non-compliance with the prescribed dosage of taurine supplementation or placebo.
Non-use of the prescribed dose of taurine supplement or placebo
Occurrence of any acute injury or trauma (such as joint or muscle injuries) that prevents the continuation of training</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>Z00.6</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Encounter for examination for normal comparison and control in clinical research program</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Rehabilitation</i_code>
      <i_code>Rehabilitation</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Exercise with Taurine: This group received taurine supplementation at a dose of 15 mg per kilogram of body weight for eight weeks. The taurine supplement was provided by Reihaneh Pharmaceutical Company (Isfahan, Iran). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) was performed for eight weeks, 3 sessions per week, with each session lasting 30 to 35 minutes. The training intensity began at 85–90% of maximum heart rate ($\text{HR}_{\text{max}}$) in the first week and progressively increased to 90–100% of $\text{HR}_{\text{max}}$ by the eighth week. The timing protocol and additional training principles were conducted in Kashmar.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: Exercise with Placebo: This group consumed placebo capsules matching a dose of 15 mg per kilogram of body weight for eight weeks. The placebo was manufactured by Reihaneh Pharmaceutical Company (Isfahan, Iran). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) was performed for eight weeks, 3 sessions per week, with each session lasting 30 to 35 minutes. The training intensity began at 85–90% of maximum heart rate in the first week and progressively increased to 90–100% of HRmax by the eighth week. The timing protocol and additional training principles were conducted at the Kashmar Municipality Gymnasium.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Malondialdehyde. Timepoint: Before the intervention and two months following it. Method of measurement: zellBio kit (mmol/l).</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Body Mass Index (BMI) Kg/m2. Timepoint: Before the intervention and two months following it. Method of measurement: The body mass (kg) divided by the square of the body height (cm).</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Superoxide dismutase. Timepoint: Before the intervention and two months following it. Method of measurement: zellBio kit (mmol/l).</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Total Antioxidant Capacity. Timepoint: Before the intervention and two months following it. Method of measurement: zellBio kit (mmol/l).</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Vice Presidency for Research and Technology, Hakim Sabzevari University</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2026-05-31</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Hakim Sabzevari University</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Hakim Sabzevari University, Tohid Shahr, Sabzevar; Department of Sport Sciences Sabzevar Razavi Khorasan Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
