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IRCT20260901070855N1 IRCT 2026-09-05 Islamic Azad University The effectiveness of collaborative football The effectiveness of cooperative soccer on students' intrinsic motivation, teamwork, and fundamental motor skills 2026-09-20 anticipated 30 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/92986 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Education/Guidance, Randomization description: In this study, a simple randomization method is used to assign participants to two experimental and control groups. The randomization unit in this study is the sixth grade students of Qale-Tel city who are eligible to enter the study. First, a complete list of volunteer students who have been selected based on the study entry criteria is prepared. Then, each participant is assigned a unique numerical identification code. These codes are entered into the Random Number Generator software and a random number is generated for each individual. After generating these numbers, the participants are sorted in ascending order based on the value of the random number. Then, the individuals are assigned to two groups; sequentially, the first 15 people on the list are assigned to the experimental group (collaborative soccer intervention) and the next 15 people are assigned to the control group. With this method, the order of entry into the study and the researcher's knowledge of the participants will not play any role in determining the group. To conceal allocation, the person responsible for entering data and performing the randomization process in the software will be independent of the intervention instructor/facilitator and the evaluators of the research variables (intrinsic motivation, teamwork, and fundamental motor skills) and will not have access to information about the process of implementing the sessions or changes in the allocation of individuals. Also, the identification codes of the participants will be kept confidential and separate from their other personal and educational information. Therefore, it will not be possible to predict the assigned group for each participant before the randomization process, Blinding description: In order to control bias and improve the internal validity of the study, this study was designed with a double-blind protocol; in this way, the intervention instructor, outcome assessor, and data analyst will be kept unaware of the allocation of sixth grade students to the experimental and control groups. In this process, the outcome assessor will measure intrinsic motivation, teamwork, and fundamental motor skills at all stages of the pretest, posttest, and follow-up, without knowing the assigned group of the participants, in order to prevent bias in the assessment; also, all raw data will be provided to the statistical analyst with anonymous codes (such as groups 1 and 2), and the true nature of the groups will not be revealed until the end of the data analysis process. All allocation steps will be performed by an individual independent of the research team, and decoding of allocation codes will only be done after the final completion of the statistical analyses. N/A Strengthening teamwork and motivation in students. Intervention 1: Intervention group: The cooperative soccer intervention sessions will be designed based on the principles of skill-based training and social learning approaches. The intervention sessions will be conducted in 8 90-minute sessions (one session per week) in a group setting for the experimental group. Cooperative soccer is an approach that aims to reduce excessive competitiveness and focus on positive interactions, helping students to strengthen their intrinsic motivation and develop teamwork skills in different team roles through joint activities on the soccer field. This approach has main educational axes that lead to improved motor coordination and promotion of fundamental skills; These axes include: familiarization with the concepts of cooperation in sports and explanation of group roles, teaching basic fundamental motor skills (such as balance, movement, and eye-foot coordination) in the form of small games, combined exercises to improve motor control and accuracy, teaching team strategies based on supporting teammates, playing visualization games to enhance situational awareness and teamwork, practicing secondary soccer skills (such as passing and ball control) with an emphasis on collective goal rather than individual progress, developing intrinsic motivation through enjoyable and controlled challenges, and finally consolidating motor and teamwork skills through final competitions with a cooperative approach. The main emphasis of this intervention is to replace individualistic behaviors with behavioral patterns based on support, mutual trust, and cooperation, and to transfer learned motor skills to the main games. Intervention 2: Control group: They do not receive any intervention or treatment. No - There is not a plan to make this available Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is Participant data is completely confidential and I do not intend to publish it.
public Ehsan Eidipour
Next to Saheb-e-Zaman Mosque, Tenbi Road.
Ghale Tol Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6396147881 +98 916 838 4749 ehsaneidypour@gmail.com Islamic Azad University scientific Ehsan Eidipour
Next to Saheb-e-Zaman Mosque, Tenbi Road.
Ghale Tol Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6396147881 +98 916 838 4749 ehsaneidypour@gmail.com Islamic Azad University Iran (Islamic Republic of) Must be at least 12 and at most 13 years of age. Must be a sixth-grade student. The students and their parents must consent to participate in the study. 12 years 13 years Male Having a physical illness that interferes with the treatment process. Taking psychiatric medications. N/A N/A Intervention group: The cooperative soccer intervention sessions will be designed based on the principles of skill-based training and social learning approaches. The intervention sessions will be conducted in 8 90-minute sessions (one session per week) in a group setting for the experimental group. Cooperative soccer is an approach that aims to reduce excessive competitiveness and focus on positive interactions, helping students to strengthen their intrinsic motivation and develop teamwork skills in different team roles through joint activities on the soccer field. This approach has main educational axes that lead to improved motor coordination and promotion of fundamental skills; These axes include: familiarization with the concepts of cooperation in sports and explanation of group roles, teaching basic fundamental motor skills (such as balance, movement, and eye-foot coordination) in the form of small games, combined exercises to improve motor control and accuracy, teaching team strategies based on supporting teammates, playing visualization games to enhance situational awareness and teamwork, practicing secondary soccer skills (such as passing and ball control) with an emphasis on collective goal rather than individual progress, developing intrinsic motivation through enjoyable and controlled challenges, and finally consolidating motor and teamwork skills through final competitions with a cooperative approach. The main emphasis of this intervention is to replace individualistic behaviors with behavioral patterns based on support, mutual trust, and cooperation, and to transfer learned motor skills to the main games. Control group: They do not receive any intervention or treatment. Intrinsic motivation. Timepoint: before performing the intervention and two weeks after completion of the intervention. Method of measurement: Intrinsic Motivation Questionnaire by McAuley et al. (1989). Teamwork. Timepoint: before performing the intervention and two weeks after completion of the intervention. Method of measurement: Evans and Jarvis (1986) Workgroup Questionnaire. Fundamental motor skills. Timepoint: before performing the intervention and two weeks after completion of the intervention. Method of measurement: Lincoln Ozersky Motor Skills Questionnaire (2000). Islamic Azad University Approved 2026-07-28 Behbahan Islamic Azad University Ethics Committee Shahid Bayani St., Amir Kabir Blvd. Behbahan Khouzestan Iran (Islamic Republic of)