Investigating the Impact of Virtual Reality on Happiness and Quality of Life Among Elderly Hemodialysis Patients : A Randomized Controlled Trial

Determining the effect of using virtual reality on happiness and quality of life of elderly people undergoing hemodialysis

This study is implemented in a crossover manner. The first group is exposed to watching 3D 360-degree virtual reality movies on the theme of entertainment and recreation (travel, tourism and pilgrimage) using a virtual reality headset. This intervention is performed for 10-15 minutes and 3 times a week. The second group will also watch VR films in the same way, with a relaxing and exciting axis. After a 2-week washout period to clear the intervention effect, the content of the VR films will be switched between the two intervention groups over the next 4 weeks.

Hemodialysis Department of Razi Educational and Medical Center, Rasht

The inclusion criteria for this study included: age 65 years and older, diagnosis of ESRD, having a minimum duration of hemodialysis of 3 months, having at least 3 hemodialysis sessions per week, willingness and informed consent to participate in the research project, having the ability to speak and communicate Non-entry criteria included: Severe cognitive impairment, visual or hearing impairments, previous experience with VR technology, severe visual and hearing problems, musculoskeletal problems in the head and neck area, a history of severe and frequent headaches and migraines, having malignant diseases such as cancer and neurological and psychiatric diseases and epilepsy such that the patient is under treatment, a history of taking antidepressants and having other physical diseases except diabetes and hypertension.

In this study, there are two intervention groups (1 and 2) that are implemented using a simple random allocation method, a crossover design.

Happiness and quality of life

In this study, In this study, participants will be randomly assigned to one of the following two intervention sequences: Group A: Intervention 1 → Washout Period → Intervention 2 Group B: Intervention 2 → Washout Period → Intervention 1 To ensure equal allocation of participants to each sequence, a block randomization method with a fixed block size of 6 will be used. In total, 9 blocks of 6 will be considered to allocate 54 participants (27 per sequence) equally. The allocation sequence will be generated via the following website: https://www.sealedenvelope.com/simple-randomiser/v1/lists Participants will be allocated to one of the two sequences based on the order of entry into the study, according to the generated randomization list. To reduce bias, the randomization sequence will be generated and implemented by an individual independent of the research team who has no role in the data collection, assessment, or analysis process.

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